What are Taekwondo Poomsae?

The Taekwondo Poomsae consist of stances, blocks, punches, strikes and kicks arranged in a meaningful order in response to attacks from multiple imaginary assailants attacking from several directions. The poomsae were formerly the only means masters had to transit the essence of Taekwondo and their interpretation of the art to their students. Until the twentieth century, free sparring, as we know it today did not exist. Students were taught to execute techniques full force and adequate safety equipment had not been developed.

Through seemingly endless repetition of the poomsae (over 100 times each for complete understanding), the student learns the true nature and meaning of each poomsae. Balance, focus, coordination, proper breath control and self-discipline emerge as benefits of continued poomsae practice. After many years, the student begins to discover the mental and spiritual nature of Taekwondo though the poomsae. Watching one who has mastered a poomsae perform it is a breath taking sight.

Poomsae practice is considered extremely important by Taekwondo masters. It comprises 40-50% of testing requirement for promotion to higher rank. It is impossible or the student to understand the art of Taekwondo without thorough understanding of poomsae.

Pal-Gwe 1-8 plus Koryo are required for promotion to Cho-Dan (1st degree black belt). The forms are learned in order as the student's ability prepares him to assimilate the more advanced forms. The student should never seek to learn advanced poomsae without the consent and permission of his instructor. A beginner who attempts to learn advanced poomsae cannot hope to understand them as he has not properly understood the ones appropriate to his level.

In addition to improving and developing the student's understanding of the technical aspects of Taekwondo, I.e.: how to respond to and defend against multiple attacks from different directions and what types of defenses and counter attacks to apply to different situations, the poomsae also train the student's mind and spirit. We are each our own worst enemy. We must all overcome the tendencies to be complacent, lazy and to let our attention wander. The poomsae serve to open the door to making mind, body and spirit one. Through long practice of poomsae, we polish the rough edges of our characters and eventually come to understand that Taekwondo is an art and much more than merely a means of self-defense.